Thu, 24 Jul 2008 23:20:09 BST CiteULike: AlfonsoVicenteSuarezs Harris http://www.citeulike.org/user/AlfonsoVicenteSuarez/author/Harris CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/AlfonsoVicenteSuarez/article/2320046 <i>Nat Rev Immunol, Vol. 4, No. 6. (June 2004), pp. 478-485.</i> Interactions between commensal intestinal bacteria and the immune system. AJ Macpherson NL Harris doi:10.1038/nri1373 Nat Rev Immunol, Vol. 4, No. 6. (June 2004), pp. 478-485. 2008-02-01T16:58:22-00:00 2004 Nat Rev Immunol 1474-1733 4 6 478 485 anatomy-immune http://www.citeulike.org/user/AlfonsoVicenteSuarez/article/1570869 <i>Clin Cancer Res, Vol. 13, No. 2. (15 January 2007), pp. 733s-740.</i><br /><br />In patients with progressive malignancy, the natural balance between proinflammatory (Yang) and inhibitory (regulatory or Yin) immune pathways is disrupted and favors cancer-specific immune suppression. Therapy with interleukin 2 (IL-2) can mobilize immune effector cells that recognize and destroy cancer. High-dose IL-2 is the only therapy that has consistently induced complete durable remissions in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) but only in a few of them. The lack of benefit in most metastatic RCC patients is likely due to the ineffective manipulation of other immune circuits critical in regulating tumor cytotoxic pathways. The limited clinical activity of IL-2, RCC vaccines, and other immune therapies to date leads us to postulate that effective clinical treatment strategies will need to simultaneously enhance proinflammatory pathways and disrupt regulatory pathways. We present preliminary studies in RCC patients to highlight the complexity of the regulatory pathways and our approach to shifting the balance of proinflammatory and regulatory immune pathways using dendritic cell-tumor lysate vaccine followed by cytokine therapy. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2064 Developing a Rational Tumor Vaccine Therapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Immune Yin and Yang Marc Ernstoff Todd Crocenzi John Seigne Nancy Crosby Bernard Cole Jan Fisher Jill Uhlenhake Diane Mellinger Cathy Foster Conrad Farnham Kathleen Mackay Zbigniew Szczepiorkowski Susan Webber Alan Schned Robert Harris Richard Barth John Heaney Randolph Noelle doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-2064 Clin Cancer Res, Vol. 13, No. 2. (15 January 2007), pp. 733s-740. 2007-08-16T20:44:54-00:00 2007 Clin Cancer Res 13 2 733s 740 randy-noelle