MLL protects CpG clusters from methylation within the Hoxa9 gene, maintaining transcript expression

@article{citeulike:2804637, abstract = {Homeobox (HOX) genes play a definitive role in determination of cell fate during embryogenesis and hematopoiesis. MLL-related leukemia is coincident with increased expression of a subset of HOX genes, including HOXA9. MLL functions to maintain, rather than initiate, expression of its target genes. However, the mechanism of MLL maintenance of target gene expression is not understood. Here, we demonstrate that Mll binds to specific clusters of CpG residues within the Hoxa9 locus and regulates expression of multiple transcripts. The presence of Mll at these clusters provides protection from DNA methylation. shRNA knock-down of Mll reverses the methylation protection status at the previously protected CpG clusters; methylation at these CpG residues is similar to that observed in Mll null cells. Furthermore, reconstituting MLL expression in Mll null cells can reverse DNA methylation of the same CpG residues, demonstrating a dominant effect of MLL in protecting this specific region from DNA methylation. Intriguingly, an oncogenic MLL-AF4 fusion can also reverse DNA methylation, but only for a subset of these CpGs. This method of transcriptional regulation suggests a mechanism that explains the role of Mll in transcriptional maintenance, but it may extend to other CpG DNA binding proteins. Protection from methylation may be an important mechanism of epigenetic inheritance by regulating the function of both de novo and maintenance DNA methyltransferases. 10.1073/pnas.0800090105}, author = {Erfurth, Frank E. and Popovic, Relja and Grembecka, Jolanta and Cierpicki, Tomasz and Theisler, Catherine and Xia, Zhen-Biao and Stuart, Tara and Diaz, Manuel O. and Bushweller, John H. and Zeleznik-Le, Nancy J. }, citeulike-article-id = {2804637}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.0800090105}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, keywords = {gene\_expression, methylation}, month = {May}, pages = {0800090105+}, posted-at = {2008-05-16 09:04:25}, priority = {2}, title = {MLL protects CpG clusters from methylation within the Hoxa9 gene, maintaining transcript expression}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0800090105}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2804637 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2804637 TI - MLL protects CpG clusters from methylation within the Hoxa9 gene, maintaining transcript expression JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences SP - 0800090105 N2 - Homeobox (HOX) genes play a definitive role in determination of cell fate during embryogenesis and hematopoiesis. MLL-related leukemia is coincident with increased expression of a subset of HOX genes, including HOXA9. MLL functions to maintain, rather than initiate, expression of its target genes. However, the mechanism of MLL maintenance of target gene expression is not understood. Here, we demonstrate that Mll binds to specific clusters of CpG residues within the Hoxa9 locus and regulates expression of multiple transcripts. The presence of Mll at these clusters provides protection from DNA methylation. shRNA knock-down of Mll reverses the methylation protection status at the previously protected CpG clusters; methylation at these CpG residues is similar to that observed in Mll null cells. Furthermore, reconstituting MLL expression in Mll null cells can reverse DNA methylation of the same CpG residues, demonstrating a dominant effect of MLL in protecting this specific region from DNA methylation. Intriguingly, an oncogenic MLL-AF4 fusion can also reverse DNA methylation, but only for a subset of these CpGs. This method of transcriptional regulation suggests a mechanism that explains the role of Mll in transcriptional maintenance, but it may extend to other CpG DNA binding proteins. Protection from methylation may be an important mechanism of epigenetic inheritance by regulating the function of both de novo and maintenance DNA methyltransferases. 10.1073/pnas.0800090105 KW - gene_expression KW - methylation AU - Erfurth, Frank AU - Popovic, Relja AU - Grembecka, Jolanta AU - Cierpicki, Tomasz AU - Theisler, Catherine AU - Xia, Zhen-Biao AU - Stuart, Tara AU - Diaz, Manuel AU - Bushweller, John AU - Zeleznik-Le, Nancy PY - 2008/05/15/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0800090105 ER -